Hak Milik
Also called freehold, SHM
Hak Milik is Indonesian freehold: the strongest form of land ownership, held indefinitely, and available only to Indonesian citizens.
Hak Milik is full ownership of the land, with no expiry date. It can be sold, inherited, and used as bank collateral. It is the title most Indonesian families hold their land under, and it is the benchmark every other title is compared against.
It is reserved for Indonesian citizens. A foreigner cannot hold Hak Milik, and no amount of structuring changes that. What a foreigner can do is hold a different right over the same land, most commonly a long lease or, through a PT PMA, the right to build on it.
If you are buying land in Bali that is currently Hak Milik, the practical question is what it converts to, or what right you take over it. That conversion is a legal process with cost and time attached, and it should be settled before money moves, not after.
Where people get caught
The single most expensive mistake in Bali property is a foreigner holding Hak Milik through an Indonesian friend's name. See nominee ownership. The title looks perfect on paper, and it is not yours.
Where this comes up
This is general information, not legal advice. Indonesian property law changes, and how it applies depends on your situation, your visa status and the specific plot. Always take advice from a qualified notaris before you commit money. Last checked 2026-07-30.